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Merry and Bright
CD purchasing, program notes, lyrics, and performer biographies
We're proud to offer our latest recording, Merry and Bright, a compilation of our favorite tunes from the past several years of 12th Night Concerts. $20 will get you a shipped CD and digital recording. For $5 more, you can receive an additional CD from us, whether it's our Epic Tunes EP or one of our other 12th Night Classics like A Mediterranean Twelfth Night. Order your copy here.
Performer biographies
Jim Bates began performing with The Early Interval in 2002. Before moving to Columbus, he was on the faculty of the University of Louisville School of Music, he was Music Director of the Louisville Youth Orchestra, and he directed the Louisville Mandolin Orchestra. Dr. Bates is currently Director of Orchestral Activities at Otterbein University, Principal Bass and Assistant Conductor of the Westerville Symphony and Assistant Conductor of the Columbus Symphony Youth Orchestra’s Repertory Orchestra. Dr. Bates joined the conducting staff of the Interlochen Center for the Arts in 1999 and has served as guest conductor or clinician throughout the United States. Dr. Bates serves on the national board of The Classical Mandolin Society of America. He is also honored to serve on the board of the Friends of Early Music in Columbus. While pursuing a master's degree in double bass at Indiana University, he was active in the Early Music Institute and studied with Stanley Ritchie, Thomas Binkley and Wendy Gillespie. He also participated in the Early Music Ensemble at the University of Louisville, working closely with its director, Jack Ashworth. He received his Ph.D. in Musicology from the University of Kentucky in 2002.
Sean Ferguson has been performing with The Early Interval since 2009. He holds bachelor’s and master’s degrees in music history from The Ohio State University and a Master of Library Science degree from Kent State University. In Philadelphia, he studied guitar at the University of the Arts and was a winner of the WFLN Radio Instrumentalists Competition. He has performed extensively on guitar and lute as a soloist, accompanist, chamber musician and orchestra member, including productions for Opera Columbus, Columbus Dance Theatre, The Magpie Consort, The Ohio State University, Otterbein University, Denison University, and Ohio Wesleyan University. His Baroque opera continuo experience includes work with lutenist-conductors Lyle Nordstrom and Lucas Harris. As a librarian, he has worked at OCLC Online Computer Library Center and The Ohio State University Music & Dance Library. He is President of the Columbus Guitar Society.
Harris Ipock serves as Director of Choral Activities at Denison University. He has previously served as conductor of the Conservatory Choir at Shenandoah Conservatory, the Harvard Glee Club at Harvard University, and has conducted choral ensembles at Boston University, Clayton State University, and Hobart and William Smith Colleges. In addition to his teaching schedule, Harris enjoys an active career as a soloist and professional chorister. As a member of Conspirare, he served as a section leader on the GRAMMY winning album Sacred Spirit of Russia. He has also appeared with Santa Fe Desert Chorale, Yale Choral Artists, Publick Musick, Cambridge Concentus, La Donna Musicale, Voices, Vox Lumine, Virginia Chorale, Norfolk Chamber Consort, and North Carolina Symphony Baroque Choir. His credits as a soloist include Dover Beach (Victoria Bach Festival), St. Matthew Passion (Conspirare), Monteverdi’s Vespers (Cambridge Concentus), JS Bach’s Magnificat (Back Bay Chorale), and Haydn’s Paukenmesse (Harvard-Radcliffe Chorus). Harris recently served as choirmaster for Odyssey Opera’s debut performance of Wagner’s Rienzi, and held the Male Choir Chair of the Massachusetts ACDA. Harris holds a DMA in choral conducting from Eastman School of Music, MM degrees in choral conducting and vocal performance from East Carolina University, and BM and BA degrees in vocal performance and economics from the University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill.
With a specialty in the fusing of multiple styles and cultures, Joseph Krygier utilizes his background in classical, world, commercial and electronic percussion to create a sound that is uniquely his own. He received his undergraduate degree from the Eastman School of Music and his Masters degree in performance from Northwestern University. In addition to his position as Senior Lecturer in percussion at The Ohio State University School of Music, Krygier is a percussion accompanist with the OSU Department of Dance where he plays hand percussion and drum set for modern dance classes. Additionally, he has worked as a dance accompanist at the BalletMet Youth Academy, Interlochen Center for the Arts Summer Camp and at Ohio Wesleyan University. As a composer, Krygier has written works for percussion solo, duo and quintet, in addition to creating music for modern dance performance. Krygier spent four years as a member of the United States Air Force Academy Band (formerly the Band of the Rockies) in Colorado Springs, Colorado, where he was a member of the concert band, Blue Steel (rock band), Wild Blue Country, and Stellar Brass Quintet. He was a featured marimba soloist with the concert band on one of their many tours across the country and frequently performed solo pieces on community chamber series. Additionally, he has performed with the Columbus Symphony, ProMusica Chamber Orchestra, Dayton Philharmonic and the new music ensemble Alarm Will Sound. He was a member of the Civic Orchestra of Chicago-the training orchestra of the Chicago Symphony-and performed with the orchestra at Carnegie Hall under the baton of Maestro Daniel Barenboim. Krygier is an educational endorser for Grover Pro Percussion and Zildjian cymbals.
Elizabeth McConnaughey hails from Columbus, Ohio and has a passion for Baroque and early music literature, having performed the roles of Belinda in Purcell’s Dido and Aeneas, Second Midwife in Play of Herod, the title role of Thisbe in Lampe's Pyramus and Thisbe, and covering the role of Damon Handel’s Acis and Galatea. Additionally, she has maintained a strong interest in new music and had the pleasure of premiering three characters from Chappell Kingsland’s commissioned opera for young audiences, The Firebringers, while completing her Master’s degree at Indiana University. Ms. McConnaughey maintains an active performance schedule in central Ohio working with Opera Project Columbus, The Early Interval, Lancaster Chorale, and First Congregational Church.
Justin Meyer has pursued a freelance professional choral singing career for over a decade. Justin started his choral training as a tenor in the Choir of Trinity College, Cambridge, singing under the direction of Richard Marlow and Stephen Layton. Justin has performed and recorded with other award-winning groups, such as the Choir of Clare College, Cambridge, Conspirare, Resonance Ensemble, and Lancaster Chorale. Justin is a published social scientist and urban planning scholar. He leads research as a co-principal investigator on two National Science Foundation grants, and has the position of Senior Lecturer in City and Regional Planning at Ohio State University. Justin holds degrees from the University of Cambridge (MPhil), Stanford University (BSE), and received his PhD and Master’s in Urban and Regional Planning from the University of Michigan.
Soprano Emily Noël concertizes throughout North America and Europe in a wide variety of repertory expanding from the medieval to the contemporary. Highlights of recent seasons include Davenant’s Macbeth at the Folger Shakespeare Theatre, The Merchant of Venice with the Gabrieli Consort at the Wanamaker Theatre at Shakespeare's Globe in London, and Measure + Dido with the Folger Consort at the John F. Kennedy Center in Washington DC, where she played Mariana opposite Derek Jacobi's Angelo. Other stage credits include Gilda in Verdi's Rigoletto with Ente Concerti Città di Iglesias, and Nora in Vaughn Williams' Riders to the Sea at the Amsterdam Grachtenfestival. Past performances include engagements with The Folger Concert, Mountainside Baroque, and an outreach for the Santa Fe Opera Guild with early music ensemble Severall Friends. Ms. Noël serves on the faculty of Denison University, where she teaches applied voice.
Costa Rican Baroque violinist and Columbus resident Guillermo Salas-Suárez holds a Doctorate of Musical Arts in Historical Performance from Case Western Reserve University, where he studied with Dr. Julie Andrijeski. In demand as a period player, he performs with several ensembles, including the Lyra and Atlanta Baroque Orchestras, Apollo’s Fire, The Newberry Consort, Lumedia MusicWorks, Bach Collegium Fort Wayne, and conducts workshops and lectures across the Americas.
Guillermo’s chamber music appetite spans from the Renaissance and early Baroque, which he explores with The Early Interval, up to the Classical and early Romantic repertoire for string quartet and clarinet with Wit’s Folly, which he co-founded. He has collaborated and trained with Malcolm Bilson, Paolo Pandolfo, Jaap ten Linden, Barthold Kuijken, Bruce Dickey, and the late Jeanne Lamon at the early music festivals in Boston, Bloomington, Amherst, Bach Oregon, Urbino (Italy), Daroca (Spain), Saintes (France), and the Stuttgart Bachwoche (Germany). As a scholar of Spanish and colonial music, he has presented his research in conferences at Boston, Indiana, and Oregon Universities, and Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México. His upcoming book for Indiana University Press translates and discusses Spanish violin treatises from the 18th century. As an educator, Guillermo is committed to the advancement of historical performance practice in Latin America. He is on the faculty at the Festival de Musica de Santa Catarina (Brazil), and has given masterclasses at the Academia de Música Antigua de Medellín (Colombia), and Instituto Nacional de Música (Costa Rica).
Guillermo started music lessons at age nine in his native Costa Rica, where he studied with Lidia Blanco, Mercedes Moreno and José Aurelio Castillo. Before switching to Baroque, he studied in the US and Bulgaria with Dr. Borislava Iltcheva, Aleksandr Iltchev, Espen Lilleslåtten, and Dr. Lin He. He shared the stage with conductors and soloists Manfred Honeck, Robert Spano, Yefim Bronfman, Jean-Yves Thibaudet, Midori, Lang Lang, and Renée Fleming at the Aspen Music Festival, Severance Hall, Sala São Paulo (Brazil), and the National Theatres of Costa Rica, Panama, Nicaragua, and Honduras. He performed with the Louisiana Philharmonic Orchestra, CityMusic Cleveland, Orquesta Sinfónica Nacional and Orquesta Sinfónica de Heredia (Costa Rica). He currently serves in Early Music America’s IDEA Task Force, dedicated to promoting diversity and inclusion in early music throughout the Americas. Upcoming engagements include appearances with SoundSalon, North Carolina Baroque Orchestra, and The American Baroque Opera Company. He plays on an instrument by Jason Viseltear and bows by Michelle Speller, H.F. Grabenstein, Pieter Affourtit, and James Dodd II. Outside of music, Guillermo enjoys literature, learning languages, and practicing yoga.
A Columbus native, David Stefano is currently on the faculty of Otterbein University, co-directing the Otterbein Early Music Ensemble. He holds degrees in bassoon performance from Indiana University, under the tutelage of Kim Walker, and earned his PhD in Early Music from the Sydney Conservatorium of Music (Australia). David previously taught at Bridgewater State University in Massachusetts and coached ensembles at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. David has performed locally as a recorder soloist, and as a bassoonist with Ohio Capital Winds, the Newark-Granville Symphony Orchestra, and the Westerville Symphony. He has also performed internationally with ensembles such as Latitude 37 and the Australian Brandenburg Orchestra, among others. David joined The Early Interval in 2019.
Alexandra Vargo hails from central Ohio. She was a violinist in the Westerville Symphony for seven years and has performed with the Early Interval since 2015. She earned a music performance degree from Otterbein University, after which she opened a music lessons company entitled Dynamic Studios, Inc. She has participated in performance tours of Italy, China, Estonia and Canada.
Program notes
Domenico Zipoli was an Italian composer and organist. After a successful early career in Italy, he was recruited by the Jesuit order for a South American mission, and enjoyed a very productive but brief musical life in Argentina, where he died of tuberculosis at the age of 37. His music was widely in demand and also performed in Peru, Bolivia and the villages of native peoples. The joyful and spirited Ave Maris stella is from the Moxos archives in Bolivia and showcases Zipoli’s chamber motet style.
Villancico (‘peasant’), is a term first applied in the late 1400s to a Spanish musical and poetic form consisting of several stanzas (coplas) framed by a refrain (estribillo). Like the carol, it originally developed from a medieval dance form and was associated with rustic or popular themes. The villancico was widespread in secular polyphonic music beginning in the late 15th century. In the second half of the 16th century devotional and religious themes gained in importance and the form was increasingly used for sacred compositions in the vernacular language which were introduced into the liturgy on feast days. Since the 17th century, the villancico has become primarily associated with the Christmas season. The moving simplicity of the anonymous two-voice Portuguese villancico Senhora del mundo (from the 16th century Cancionero musical de Biblioteca nacional de Lisboa) is remarkable. Its text praises the Virgin Mary as mother of Jesus and the entire world, and highlights her role in the incarnation and nativity of Jesus, and consequently in the redemption of all humanity. El Noi de la Mare and El desembre congelat are two more recent Catalan songs from this long villancico tradition that remain popular today.
The assortment of English music on this recording ranges from the celebratory Boar’s Head Carol, to a nativity lullaby (Sweet Was the Song), and variations on the ‘Greensleeves’ tune, which has been well-loved ever since its folk origins in the 16th century or earlier. It has been used for settings of countless secular and Christmas songs throughout the centuries. Its melodic structure matches the Italian ground bass patterns known as the romanesca and the passamezzo antico, which were fertile foundations for all Renaissance and early Baroque improvising musicians. The anonymous set of variations on our program appeared in The Division Flute, published by John Walsh in 1706. From among the numerous wassailing songs of the 17th century, we have included the anonymous but inspired Wassel, Wassel.
Francisco Guerrero was one of the premier Spanish composers of sacred polyphony in the 16th century, but he was also a prolific composer of secular music, and published a distinguished set of villancicos in 1589. Guerrero's works in this genre are rhythmically lively, with frequent syncopation, hemiolas and changes of meter. The dance-like rhythms would seem to indicate popular influences, but the part-writing is always sophisticated, even in the light-hearted Epiphany piece Los reyes siguen la estrella, (The kings follow the star), performed instrumentally in our program.
One of the most important locations of the Spanish empire in colonial South America, along with Mexico, was Peru. The seminary of the Cathedral of San Antonio Abad, founded in Cuzco in 1598, was recognized for its musical activity and teaching of polyphony and instrumental practice. The seminary archive contains a rich collection of manuscripts after 1600, such as Spanish and Peruvian compositions that include villancicos, tonadas, and jácaras, as well as liturgical and dramatic works. Cachuas, traditional pre-Columbian Peruvian dances, were recorded by the earliest Spanish chroniclers and remain alive among Aymara culture as a vestige of Inca tradition. The melody of the Cachua al Nacimiento de Christo Nuestro Señor was written for the celebration of Christmas. It was copied by archbishop Baltazar Martínez Compañón (d. 1797), an artist and intellectual who was also singer at the cathedral of Lima between 1768 and 1778. This work is just one small example of the musical merging that took place in Spanish colonies, where many pre-Columbian cultural elements were incorporated into the Catholic ritual.
French violinist Pierre-Francisque Caroubel migrated to Germany for a time and collaborated with Michael Praetorius on some of the more than 300 dance pieces published in the 1612 collection Terpsichore.
The music of folklorist, composer and performer John Jacob Niles shares an intimacy of style with older traditional ballads that he collected and drew upon for inspiration. According to Niles, "The Carol of the Birds" was written for my son, Thomas Michael Tolliver Niles, when he was two years of age. The lyrics, which were the result of my interest in St. Francis of Assisi, were written several years earlier.”
Returning to Spain, we include the nativity lullaby A la nanita nana. The Puerto Rican villancico De tierra lejana venimos is sung by the Magi and highlights the importance of the feast of Epiphany (Dia de Los Tres Reyes Magos) in many cultures. The Andalusian song Chiquirriquitín celebrates the scene of the nativity.
The traditional instrumental Peruvian Christmas piece Navidad is transcribed in a collection from the Escuela de Música y Danzas Folklóricas in Lima titled Cánticos y danzas de Navidad y Año Nuevo en el Perú. It features distinct sections that provide solo opportunities for multiple unspecified instruments, and exemplifies a tradition known in Quechua as Atipanakuy in which musicians and dancers exchange expressions in a celebratory contest.
Musical settings of Señora Doña Maria texts have long been performed by Bolivian musicians at the feast of the Santos Reyes (Epiphany). The song addresses Mary with her infant and typically includes a warning of consequences to the child if he does not sleep. Having never been published, our version is based on a recording by the present-day Ensamble Moxos in Bolivia, a world-renowned group that combines indigenous and European musical traditions with musical sources from mission archives to enthusiastically carry Bolivian early music and cross-cultural heritage into the future.
The Christmas season held a special place in the devotional lives and ecstatic hearts of Italian nuns during the 16th and 17th centuries. In a letter to the archbishop Federico Borromeo in the 1620s, Suor Angela Flaminia Confaloniera at the convent of S. Caterina in Milan wrote:
I again want to thank you for the lute which has cheered all the nuns here, [...] especially since it arrived in time to use it for the first time on the occasion of such a beautiful mystery [...] And so I secretly invited one who plays the violone and another the violin, and in this way on the night of Holy Christmas we went to play matinate to all the nuns, singing ‘Gloria in excelsis’ and other similar verses which I will tell you: ‘Your sweet bridegroom, my sisters, today is born of the Virgin Mary. Good Jesus our Savior is born. Come, sisters, and give him your heart’
The nun Isabella Leonarda (1620-1704) was a prolific composer of sacred vocal works, and she wrote one extensive collection of purely instrumental music. She was from Novara, in the Piedmont region of Italy. At the age of 16, she entered the Collegio di Sant’Orsola, an Ursuline convent, where she stayed for the remainder of her life. There she created approximately 200 works, making her one of the most productive composers of her time. Her surviving compositions span a period of 60 years (1640-1700), but it seems that she was over the age of 50 before she started composing and publishing regularly in about 1670.
Most sacred genres of the 17th century are represented among Leonarda’s works, including dozens of motets for one to four voices, sacred Latin dialogues, psalm settings, responsories, Magnificats, litanies, and masses. The motet Gloria Pace: per il Santo Natale is from her Messe e motetti concertate, opus 18, published in 1696 when she was 76. The work includes parts for two violins or other treble instruments. The anonymous and highly expressive Latin text poetically describes the celestial and earthly realms, and Leonarda marks several sections “Piva”, a reference to the centuries-long dance tradition of Italian peasants and shepherds (pifferari) playing shawms and bagpipes, especially associated with the Christmas season.
As Columbus Twelfth Night audiences know well, the traditional Gloucestershire Wassail has been performed as a sing-along at the end of each year’s concert for more than three decades, and we invite all to join in as you listen!
Texts and translations
Ave maris stella
Hail, star of the sea,
loving Mother of God,
and also always a virgin,
Happy gate of heaven.
Receiving that ‘Ave’
from Gabriel's mouth,
confirm us in peace,
Reversing Eve's name.
Break the chains of sinners,
Bring light to the blind,
Drive away our evils,
Ask for all good.
Show yourself to be a mother,
May he accept prayers through you,
He who, born for us,
Chose to be yours.
O unique virgin,
Meek above all,
Make us, absolved from sin,
Gentle and chaste.
Keep life pure,
Make the journey safe,
So that, seeing Jesus,
We may always rejoice together.
Let there be praise to God the Father,
Glory to Christ in the highest,
To the Holy Spirit,
One honor to all three. Amen.
Senhora del mundo, princesa de vida, Lady of the world, princess of life,
Se áis de tal hijo en buena hora parida. may your delivery of such a child be welcome.
Aquel soberano, supremo Señor, That sovereign, supreme Lord,
por suma bondad vencido de amor, out of his great goodness overcome with love,
de vos toma el traje de manso pastor, takes from you the garments of a simple shepherd,
porque del no huya la oveja perdida. so that the lost sheep should not flee from Him.
Del huerto cerrado de vuestras entranhas, From the enclosed garden of your womb,
aquel Hazedor de santas hazanhas our Maker of holy deeds came forth
salió disfraçado con ropas extranhas disguised in the strange clothes of worldly life,
del ser que a los santos da gloria cumplida. offering to the holy glory ever after.
Por vos, Virgen santa, podemos dezir Through you, holy Virgin, we can say
el hombre comiença de nuevo a vivir, that humanity begins to live again,
que antes su vida que siempre morir his former life being a constant dying
con grandes sospiros por ver nueva vida. and deep sighing for new life.
Trocamos por vos pesar en plazer, Through you we can exchange pain for pleasure,
y siempre ganar y nunca perder: ever winning, never losing,
pobreza en riqueza, ignorancia en saber, poverty for riches, ignorance for knowledge,
la hambre en hartura, la muerte en la vida. hunger for plenty, death for life.
El desembre, congelat, confús es retira Frozen, dim December retreats.
Abril, de flors coronat, tot el món admira. The whole world marvels at April, crowned by flowers
Quan en un jardí d'amor neix una divina flor When in a garden of love a divine flower is born
D'una rosa bella fecunda i poncella. From a beautiful rose, fruitful and virginal.
El primer pare causà la nit tenebrosa Our first father brought on the night
Que a tot el món ofuscà la vista penosa; Which darkens everyone's sight.
Mes, en una mitja nit, brilla el sol que n'és eixit But at midnight, the risen sun shines --
D'una bella aurora que el cel enamora. Announcing a beautiful dawn, delighting the sky.
El mes de maig ha florit, sens ésser encara, The month of May, not yet in full flower, has budded
Un lliri blanc i polit de fragància rara, A white and shining lily, of such rare fragrance
Que per tot el món se sent, de Llevant fins a Ponent, That from Orient to Occident all can breathe in
Tota sa dolçura i olor amb Ventura. all its sweetness and scent with blessedness.
Què li darem an el Noi de la Mare? What shall we give to the Son of the Virgin?
Què li darem que li sàpiga bo? What can we give that the Babe will enjoy?
Li darem panses amb unes balances, First, we shall give Him a tray full of raisins,
Li darem figues amb un paneró. Then we shall offer sweet figs to the Boy.
Què li darem al Fillet de Maria? What shall we give the Beloved of Mary?
Què li darem al formós Infantó? What can we give to her beautiful Child?
Panses i figues i nous i olives, Raisins and olives and nutmeats and honey,
Panses i figues i mel i mató. Candy, figs and some cheese that is mild.
Tam-pa-tam-tam que les figues són verdes, What shall we do if the figs are not ripened?
Tam-pa-tam-tam que ja maduraran. What shall we do if the figs are still green?
Si no maduren el dia de Pasqua, We shall not fret if they're not ripe at Easter,
maduraran en el dia del Ram. On a Palm Sunday, ripe figs will be seen.
Wassel, wassel, our jolly wassel is thus to be understood,
Tis a health to the good, but the bad it doth provoke ‘em
With the slanders and lies and projects they devise, the Devil choke ‘em,
With a wassel, a jolly wassel.
Bring the wassel bowl away, and cast yourselves into a ring.
Give the ale leave to wave the spice, room to play,
And hush, no words but what we sing.
Kneel down, and drink a health unto the King.
With peace and mirth, and wealth to the state,
Drink in wood to our drinking in plate.
Cachua al Nacimiento de Christo Nuestro Señor
Give us permission, gentlemen
since it's Christmas eve,
to dance and sing
in the custom of our land.
Qui lla lla, qui lla lla, qui lla lla.
Chiquirriquitín
Oh, the poor little baby boy, little boy,
Who is lying in the straw
Oh, the poor little baby boy, little boy,
Darling boy, little darling of our soul.
Below the arch of the portal
We find Mary, Joseph and the Child.
Oh, the poor little baby boy…
Señora Doña María
Lady Mary, good evening to you,
Where is the Lord Infant to whom you gave birth?
Play with a little sheep, Child, so you won’t cry
And if You won’t be quiet, the donkey may bite You.
Gloria Pace: per il Santo Natale
Glory, peace.
Heart, do not cease to rejoice.
Do not resist exulting with gladness, more truthfully with gladness.
Glory in the highest and on earth peace, announced by the angels to our bosom, rejoice.
Love is born in loving hearts, glorious delights descend to us.
Appear and flower pleasant scents, gracious delights please us.
Not in the valley, not in the meadow,
He was born here, a flower of the fields in a manger.
Blessed fell the dew of heaven.
Therefore, laughing stars, shining beautifully,
I do not sigh for you with internal love on earth
when I see the One to whom I aspire with my heart.
Glory, peace.
Gloucestershire Wassail
Wassail! wassail! all over the town,
Our toast it is white and our ale it is brown;
Our bowl it is made of the white maple tree;
With the wassailing bowl, we'll drink to thee.
So here is to Cherry and to his right cheek
Pray God send our master a good piece of beef
And a good piece of beef that may we all see
With the wassailing bowl, we'll drink to thee.
Here is to Dobbin, and to his right eye,
God send our master a good Christmas pie;
A good Christmas pie that may we all see,
With our wassailing bowl we'll drink to thee.
And here is to Fillpail and to her left ear
Pray God send our master a happy New Year
And a happy New Year as e'er he did see
With the wassailing bowl, we'll drink to thee.
Here's to Colley, and to his long tail,
Pray God send our master he never may fail
A bowl of strong beer: I pray you draw near,
And our jolly wassail it's then you shall hear.
Come butler, come fill us a bowl of the best
Then we hope that your soul in heaven may rest
But if you do draw us a bowl of the small
Then down shall go butler, bowl and all.
Then here's to the maid in the lily white smock
Who tripped to the door and slipped back the lock
Who tripped to the door and pulled back the pin
For to let these jolly wassailers in.